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Acute otitis media (AOM) is typically caused by a combination of bacterial pathogens that are well-known in the context of respiratory tract infections and are commonly found in the nasopharynx.

Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most prevalent pathogen responsible for AOM. It is a gram-positive bacterium that often colonizes the upper respiratory tract and can cause various types of infections, including sinusitis and pneumonia, alongside otitis media. Haemophilus influenzae, particularly the non-typeable strains, is another common bacterium implicated in AOM, contributing significantly to its occurrence in both children and adults. Moraxella catarrhalis, also part of the normal flora in the nasopharynx, has been recognized as a relevant pathogen responsible for AOM.

Together, these three pathogens are the most frequently associated with acute otitis media, making this option the answer that accurately reflects the typical microbial culprits of this condition. The choice effectively captures the current understanding of the infectious agents involved in AOM and underscores the importance of recognizing them for appropriate diagnosis and treatment.